Childhood exposure to polluted neighborhood environments and intergenerational income mobility, teenage birth, and incarceration in the USA

The authors combine newly available data derived from IRS tax records at the Census tract level with estimates of exposure to air pollution from vehicle traffic and the risk of lead exposure due to older housing in poor neighborhoods, to explore the association between childhood exposure to two forms of pollutants and three socioeconomic outcomes for African Americans, whites, and Latinos.