Does poverty cause forest degradation? Evidence from a poor state in India
This paper makes an attempt to examine whether poverty is a factor determining forest degradation in the state of Odisha in India by using micro level data.
Micro
Why populations persist: mobility, place attachment and climate change
Using individual survey data from a migrant-sending area in highland Peru where the population experiences negative health and livelihood impacts from climate-related phenomena, this research applies behavioural migration theory to examine the extent to which immobile populations experiencing environmental degradation exercise agency with respect to location and, in doing so, elucidates what it means to be trapped.
Environmental problems among low income urban residents: An empirical analysis of old Naledi-Gaborone, Botswana.
Through field research the author investigates the profile, dynamics, and dimensions of environmental problems in a low income urban neighbourhood in Gaborone experiencing population growth and overcrowded settlements.
Species loss and ecosystem disruption: The implications for human health
This article, part of a series on the environment and human health, focuses on examples where the loss of species and alterations in ecosystems can have an impact on human health'
Gender, biodiversity and local knowledge systems project (LinKS)
The project was launched in 1998 and is now operating in Mozambique, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Activities in Swaziland will begin this year. The LinKS project is a regional effort in Southern Africa aimed at raising awareness about how rural men and women use and manage biological diversity. The project seeks to help development practitioners recognize that farmers have knowledge, practices and skills that are often highly sustainable and respectful of the natural ecosystems they depend on for their food and livelihoods.
Predation rate on artificial nests increases with human housing density in suburban habitats
The authors investigated how predation of birds changes along a gradient from native habitat to fully urban environment.
Demographic transition in ecological focus.
Demographic transition theory posits that modernization, particularly in the form of urban industrialism, fundamentally alters the environmental context surrounding fertility decision-making, thereby reducing the advantages of having children. While fertility research has either questioned the link between modernization and fertility or attempted to provide the intervening links between the two, there has been little theoretical or empirical refinement of the macrosocial/contextual principles of the theory.
Environmental influence on reproductive health
A rise in industrialization and the consequent environmental pollution, an increase in the use of synthetic chemicals and repeated exposure to hazardous compounds at the workplace and at home adversely affects reproductive health. Biohazardous compounds, some of which act as endocrine disrupters, are being increasingly implicated in infertility, menstrual irregularities, spontaneous abortions, birth defects, endometriosis and breast cancer. In some cases, women are at a greater risk than men, especially with the rise in environmental estrogens.
Health conditions and residential concentration of poverty: A study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
This study aimed to establish the geographical relation of health conditions to socioeconomic status in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All reported deaths in the municipality from 1987 to 1995 were considered. The 24 administrative regions that composed the city served as the geographical units. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to link mortality data and population census data and to establish the geographical pattern of the following health indicators: infant mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, life expectancy, and homicide rate.
Household vulnerability to food crisis and mortality in the drought-prone areas of northern Ethiopia.
This study examines the association between a household's degree of vulnerability to food crisis and the incidence of deaths using primary survey data carried out to look at the demographic consequences of drought and famine in the drought-prone areas of northern Ethiopia. Retrospective data on the occurrences of deaths within a household were collected for the period 1984-94. Consistent with previous studies, the findings confirm that mortality was clustered among the age groups 1-4 and 5-9 and varied considerably by famine and non-famine years.
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